Identification marking of Datamatrix code

Metal marking

Ensuring precision and durability in metal part identification

In the industrial world, the identification and traceability of metal parts are essential in many businesses. Proper identification ensures accurate tracking through manufacturing, aiding in quality control and regulatory compliance. Traceability allows for efficient maintenance and swift action in case of recalls, enhancing safety and operational efficiency. 

Metals are used for their durability, high strength, flexibility, and resistance to wear, making them ideal for industrial production. 

Our advanced metal marking machines deliver precision and durability, providing high-quality, permanent marks such as serial numbers or 2D codes. Explore our range of products to find the perfect solution for your metal part marking ​needs, ensuring reliable and effective part tracking throughout the lifecycle of your components.

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Our metal marking machines

Our metal laser marking machines can identify parts without contact and do not require it to go through pre-treatments or post-treatments. The result is a permanent, resistant, high contrast marking with a very high definition finish, all without damaging the metal :

  • Our integrable laser machines (Fiber, Hybrid, Green) are tailored for industrial production lines and high marking rates. They are mainly used to identify parts one at a time, with low cycle-times. Whether small, large, plastic or metal parts.
  • Our laser stations (WeLase™, LW2, LW3) meet strict security standards and ensure Class 1 laser safety for the operator and his environment. Parts can be marked by unit or batch, all within the confines of the machine’s enclosure.

Metal part marking by dot peen or scribing equipment is performed thanks to a tungsten carbide stylus. 

For dot peen marking, the stylus comes into contact with the surface and deforms the material through a succession of impacts, resulting in a hollow marking. Every of these metal marking machines (Impact, XF510p, XF510m, XF530) permanently marks industrial parts with a tamper-proof serial number, 2D code, etc. The XF series are to be fitted to a production line, while the Impact can be used on a benchtop.

While for scribing, the stylus scratches the material’s surface, leaving a deep groove. This is performed more quietly by machines like the XF510r and SV530. This elegant marking method is primarily used for VIN codes.

Different metal marking technologies

Because of the very nature of lasers, their interaction with parts can be altered according to the marking parameters and the part itself. Identifying parts with a metal laser marking machine can produce the following effects: 

  • Metal laser etching: removes a very small amount of material and slightly changes the color on the surface to enhance readability.
  • Deep metal engraving: ideal when post-treatment is expected or if the surface material is rough. This process applies more heat to the material, creating a visible cavity.
  • Metal annealing: a specialized process to ensure lasting marks.
Part engraved with metal engraving machine

Dot-peen marking has the advantage of being fast and durable. Using a hard carbide tip, this technology deforms the surface of any metal and creates a small cavity of up to 0.3mm. This technology has three main marking methods: 

  • Dot by dot: precise metal part marking with individual dots.
  • Continuous line: creates a smooth and constant line.
  • Deep marking: achieves deeper marks with multiple consecutive hits per dot.
Pneumatic vs electromagnetic marking dot peen

Simply put, this technology consists of a hard tip scraping and scratching the surface of the metal part. 

This method produces esthetic metal markings, shallow or deep. Some key features are:

  • Light and fast: quick marking for less demanding applications.
  • Deep marking: for very durable identifications
  • Datamatrix kit: (optional kit for XF510r) reproduce the dot-peen technology and mark 2D codes or texts.
Gravotech - metal marking machine

Rotary metal part marking​ can produce a variety of thin to deep markings thanks to the range tools: cutters and diamond tips. In addition, rotary metal marking machines can hollow or cut parts. Here are the most common marking types in the industry:

  • Marking: standard mode for detailed and precise identification.
  • Deep marking: for more profound characters and codes in the metal.
  • Milling: combining marking and cutting for complex designs.
Front panel made with a metal engraving machine

Main metals used in the industry

When choosing metals for industrial part marking, it is essential to understand the unique properties and benefits each metal offers. Common metals used in the industry are selected for their specific advantages, such as durability, corrosion resistance, strength, and other key features. These characteristics make them ideal for various metal part marking applications. Let's explore the key characteristics of stainless steel, aluminum, copper, titanium, and carbon steel.

Steel engraving for identification

Carbon steel

  • Strength: high tensile strength, suitable for structural applications.
  • Cost-effective: generally more affordable than other high-performance metals.
  • Versatility: used in a wide range of industrial applications.
  • Weldability: easily welded and fabricated into various shapes.

Commonly named steel, this metal is easily marked with laser, dot peen, scribing and rotary marking technologies.

Learn more about steel marking
Stainless steel part

Stainless steel

  • Corrosion resistance: highly resistant to rust and corrosion, making it ideal for harsh environments.
  • Durability: strong and durable, suitable for high-stress applications.
  • Aesthetic appeal: often used for its sleek and modern appearance.
  • Non-reactive surface: suitable for medical and food industries due to its non-reactive nature.

This metal can be marked with either laser, dot peen, scribing or rotary marking machines.

Learn more about stainless steel marking
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Aluminum

  • Lightweight: significantly lighter than steel, reducing overall weight in applications.
  • Corrosion resistance: naturally forms a protective oxide layer that prevents corrosion.
  • Malleability: easy to form and machine, allowing for complex designs.
  • Thermal and electrical conductivity: excellent for heat sinks and electrical components.

Aluminum is mainly marked with dot peen and scribing marking machines.

Learn more about aluminum marking
Copper plumbing part in dot-peen rotary device for impact marking machine

Copper

  • Electrical conductivity: exceptional electrical conductivity, widely used in electrical components.
  • Thermal conductivity: high thermal conductivity, making it useful for heat exchangers.
  • Corrosion resistance: good resistance to atmospheric and seawater corrosion.
  • Malleability: highly malleable, suitable for intricate marking and forming.

The main marking technologies used on this metal are laser, dot peen, scribing and rotary.


 

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Medical prosthesis hip replacement with datamatrix and code laser marking

Titanium

  • High strength-to-weight ratio: strong yet lightweight, used in aerospace and medical applications.
  • Corrosion resistance: excellent resistance to corrosion, especially in saltwater environments.
  • Biocompatibility: non-toxic and compatible with human tissues, ideal for medical implants.
  • Heat resistance: maintains strength and integrity at high temperatures.

Because of its hardness, our recommendation is to use laser, dot peen or scribing marking technologies to identify your titanium parts.

 

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Coated and anodized metals

In addition to raw metals, coated and anodized metals are widely used in industrial applications. Metal coating is the application of a protective or decorative layer to a metal surface, while anodization is an electrochemical process that increases the thickness of the natural oxide layer on the surface of aluminum for example.

These treatments are part of what is called pre- and post-treatments. Some notable examples would be:

  • Galvanized Steel
  • Powder-Coated Metals
  • Electroplated Metals
  • Anodized Aluminum

These treatments significantly enhance the properties and qualities of metal parts, but come with constraints when identification and traceability of industrial metal components is to be considered.

Sandblasting of an automotive industrial metal part

The impact of pre- and post-treatments

on metal part identification

Pre- and post-treatments of metal parts are crucial processes in the industry to increase durability, protection against abrasion or add features such as electrical conductivity and corrosion resistance. But they significantly impact part identification.

  • Pre-treatment involves cleaning, degreasing, and applying coatings or primers to the metal surface, ensuring optimal adhesion of subsequent layers, such as paint or plating, and removing contaminants that could lead to corrosion or defects. Common pre-treatments include sandblasting, chemical etching, and anodizing.
     
  • Post-treatment focuses on improving the final properties of the metal part. It includes techniques like heat treatment, annealing, and surface hardening to enhance strength, hardness and friction level.

When choosing an industrial marking technology, it is essential to consider these treatments, as they can affect the marking process and the durability of the marks. For instance, some markings may not withstand high-temperature post-treatments, while others may require specific surface conditions.

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